Math

We cannot time the universe with a stopwatch. Here is how astrophysicists measure the 13.8-billion-year age of the cosmos using the Cosmic Microwave Background, atomic recombination, and three independent clocks.

A step-by-step deconstruction of Alan Turing’s 1936 paper: how formalizing the mechanical computer and adapting Cantor’s diagonal argument proved that algorithmic omniscience is mathematically impossible.